What is artificial intelligence? techknowledge

What is Artificial Intelligence?                                                       

Computer, laptops, mobiles, smart watches these are some very friendly products for us, but can these things replace a friend?  The answer is No! Because a machine cannot take the place of a human. But do you know a machine can act, sense and behave like humans. But how it can possible? So it is possible by programming known as Artificial Intelligence. Do you know what Artificial Intelligence is? Let’s find out.

Definition

The simulation of human like intelligence in machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans (including emotions and consciousness) is called Artificial intelligence. Strong AI is usually characterized as artificial general intelligence (AGI), while attempts to simulate natural intelligence are called artificial biological intelligence (ABI).

Strong AI (AGI)

Strong AI also known as Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) describes programming that can replicate the cognitive capabilities of the human brain. In theory strong AI software should be able to pass a Turing test and Chinese room test.

Narrow Artificial Intelligence (ANI)

These AI systems are designed to solve a single problem and will be able to perform a single task really well. By definition they have limited capabilities such as recommending a product to an e-commerce user and forecasting the weather.

Super Artificial Intelligence (ASI)

A Super Artificial Intelligence (ASI) system will be able to transcend all human capabilities. This may include making decisions, making rational decisions and even things like making better art and building romantic relationships.

Weak AI

It is also known as narrow AI. Weak AI is the system which is programmed to complete a specific task. Some examples of weak AI are: Apple Siri and facebook’s news-feed.

 

1. Reactive machines:  these Artificial Intelligence systems have no memory and task specific. Example is deep blue, the IBM chess program that beat Garry Kasparov in 1990s. Deep blue can identify piece on the chess board and may predictions but since it has no memory of it, it cannot use past experiences to inform future experience.

2. Limited memory:  those AI system which have memory and can use past experiences to inform future decisions.

3. Theory of mind: it is a psychological term. In terms of AI, the system would have the social intelligence to emotions.

4. Self awareness: in this category, AI system have a sense of self, which gives them awareness. Self aware machines understand their current sate. This type of AI does not yet exist.

Some facts about Artificial Intelligence: 

·        American companies possessed about two things of investment in AI as of 2016.

·        Both Siri and Google translate utilize AI programs modeled after the learning process of human neural network.

·        January 2018, Google CEO Sundar Pichai claimed that AI will be more transformative to humanity than electricity.

·        84% of enterprises believe investing in AI will lead to greater competitive advantages.

Artificial Intelligence Vs Machine learning

Many people ask a question that what is the difference between machine learning and artificial intelligence or is machine learning and Artificial Intelligence are same? So let’s see the answer.

No. AI and Machine learning are not same they have lot of differences.

AI is bigger concepts to create intelligent machines that can simulate human intelligence in machines whereas Machine learning is a subset of Artificial intelligence that allow machines to learn from data without programming.

How does AI works?

To understand how AI works, one need to extract much knowledge in the different sub fields of AI and understand how these areas can be applied across different industries. You can also take an artificial intelligence course that will help you gain comprehensive understanding.

·        Machine learning: the machine learns how to make inferences and decisions based on past experiences. It identifies patterns and analyzes past data to infer the meaning of these data points to arrive at a possible outcomes without having to involve human experiences. This automation to reach conclusions by evaluating data saves human time for companies and helps them make a better decision.

·        Computer visions: computer visions algorithms attempt to understand an image by breaking down the image and studying different parts of objects. This device helps to classify and learn from a set of images, to make a better output decision based on previous observations.

·        Neural networks: neural networks operate on principles similar to human neurons. It is a series of algorithms that capture the relationships between different basic variables and process the data as the human brain does.

·        Cognitive computing: cognitive computing algorithm try to simulate a human brain by inducing text/ speech/ images/ object in a way that a human does and trying to give desired output.

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